Torelli theorem for K3 surfaces (Samuel Boissière) |
| The Torelli theorem for K3 surfaces relates the biholomorphic transformations of K3 surfaces to an algebraic invariant associated to this family of complex
surfaces: their second cohomology group that,
besides its weight two polarized Hodge structure, admits a structure
of even unimodular lattice. A classical application of this theorem
is the construction of automorphisms of K3 surfaces from isometries of this lattice satisfying some natural conditions.
In these lectures, I'll explain this theorem by using some classical
families of K3 surfaces as quartic surfaces and Kummer surfaces.
I'll give some fundamental applications of this theorem related to
the structure of moduli spaces of K3 surfaces and their automorphisms. |
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Hyperkähler manifolds and counter-examples to Torelli's
theorem (Christian Lehn, Gianluca Pacienza and Pierre Py) |
| We will give a gentle introduction to
hyperkähler manifolds, which are a natural generalization of
K3 surfaces to higher dimensions. We will first explain where they
sit in the classification of kähler manifolds, namely, we will
describe Beauville's decomposition theorem for kähler manifolds
with vanishing first Chern class (according to which hyperkähler
manifolds appear as elementary factors). Second, we will discuss in
details the counter-examples to the global Torelli theorem given by
Debarre and Namikawa. This will make a link with the title of the
master class and will prepare the students to Verbitsky's research
talks. |
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The crystalline Torelli theorem for supersingular K3 surfaces, and unirationality of K3 surfaces (Christian Liedtke) |
| Over algebraically closed fields of characteristic different from $2,3$, surfaces with trivial canonical sheaves are
K3 surfaces or Abelian surfaces. In this course, we will first introduce K3 surfaces in arbitrary characteristic, and determine their
algebraic deRham cohomology. Next, we will see that crystalline cohomology (no prior knowledge assumed) is the ``right'' replacement for singular
cohomology in positive characteristic. Then, we will look at one particular class of K3 surfaces more closely, namely, supersingular K3 surfaces. By definition, these
have Picard rank $22$ (note: in characteristic zero, at most rank $20$ is possible) and form $9$-dimensional moduli spaces. For supersingular K3 surfaces, we will see
that there exists a period map and a Torelli theorem in terms of crystalline cohomology. As an application of the crystalline Torelli theorem, we will show that a K3 surface
is supersingular if and only if it is unirational. |
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Dynamical properties of K3 surfaces
automorphisms (Julien Grivaux) |
| We will start by giving an overview of dynamical properties of automorphisms of complex compact
surfaces. Among all automorphisms, those with positive topological entropy are rare but are also the most
interesting, both from the point of view of complex dynamics or algebraic geometry. We will focus on
the case of K3 surfaces, and prove that it is possible to construct automorphisms of positive entropy that
are ergodic for the Lebesgue measure on Kummer surfaces. On the contrary, as a main application of Torelli's
theorem, we will prove McMullen's result about the existence of automorphisms of positive entropy
admitting a 2-dimensional Siegel disk on non-projective K3's, which is an obstruction to ergodicity. |
Talk 1: Global Torelli theorem for hyperkähler manifolds |
| A mapping class group of an
oriented manifold is a quotient of its diffeomorphism
group by the isotopies. We compute a mapping class group
of a hyperkähler manifold M, showing that it is
commensurable to an arithmetic subgroup in SO(3, b2-3). A
Teichmuller space of M is a space of complex structures
on M up to isotopies. We define a birational Teichmuller
space by identifying certain points corresponding to
bimeromorphically equivalent manifolds, and show that the
period map gives an isomorphism of the birational
Teichmuller space and the corresponding period space SO(b2-3, 3)/SO(2) x SO(b2 -3, 1). We use this
result to obtain a Torelli theorem identifying any
connected component of birational moduli space with a
quotient of a period space by an arithmetic subgroup. When
M is a Hilbert scheme of n points on a K3 surface,
with n-1 a prime power, our Torelli theorem implies the
usual Hodge-theoretic birational Torelli theorem (for
other examples of hyperkähler manifolds the
Hodge-theoretic Torelli theorem is known to be false). |
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Talk 2: Ergodic complex structures |
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Let M be a compact complex manifold. The corresponding Teichmuller space Teich is a space of
all complex structures on M up to the action of the
group of isotopies. The group C of connected
components of the diffeomorphism group (known as the
mapping class group) acts on Teich in a natural
way. An ergodic complex structure is the one with a
C-orbit dense in Teich. Let M be a complex
torus of complex dimension greater or equal to 2 or a hyperkahler
manifold with second Betti number b2 greater than 3. We prove that M is ergodic,
unless M has maximal Picard rank (there is a
countable number of such M). This is used to show
that all hyperkähler manifolds are Kobayashi
non-hyperbolic. |